Vertical flue downdraft boiler



April 15, 1952 J, c. JOHNSON VERTICAL FLUE DOWNDRAFT BOILER Filed Aug. 5, 1946 2 SHEETS-SI-IEET l I Z I INVENTOR.

Jesse C. Jo/msolz April 1952 J. c. JOHNSON VERTICAL FLUE DOWNDRAFT BOILER 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed Aug. 5, 1946 mmvzozz. Jesse C Jafims 0/:

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Patented Apr. 15, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT-OFFICE 2,593,032 VERTICAL FLUE nownnuluu:v BOILER Jesse 0. Johnson, Oakland, Calif.

Application August 3, 1946, Serial No. 688,219 4 Claims. (01. 122 15 This invention relates to house vertical flue downdraft, boiler or boilers.

The invention has for its salient object to provide a heater that issimple and practical in construction and efficient in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a heater of the character specified, so constructed and arranged that an especially high percentage of the potential heat in the fuel will be utilized.

Another object of the invention'is to provide a house heating unit having incorporated therein efficient means for providing domestic hot water or tap water for kitchen, laundry and bath.

Another object of the invention isto provide a heater of the type specified, so constructed and arranged that the refractory lining in the base can be removed and replaced without dismantling theshell or boiler.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following specification taken in connection with the drawings which form a part of this application, and in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a heaterconstructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but partly in section and taken at right angles to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the shell of the heater shown in Figs. 1 and 2, with the outer casing, base and top removed; and

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the shell, shown in Fig. 3.

In the particular form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, the heater shell is constructed in the manner particularly shown in Fig. 3. This shell comprises a vertical, cylindrical casing or wall ID, to the upper end of which is secured a top head I l, and to the lower end of which is secured a bottom head l2.

A central cylinder 13 is mounted centrally in and spaced from the casing l and is secured at M to the bottom head, such head having a. central opening I5 in which the cylinder [3 is secured. The upper end of the central cylinder has secured thereto a conduit or pipe l6 which extends upwardly through a central opening I! in the top head H and is welded thereto. The cylinder [3 forms a combustion chamber and the oil burner is mounted on the top of the heater, as shown at 20 in Figs. 1 and 2, and is preferably an automatic pressure atomizing type of burner and the burner fires downwardly through secured tubes 2|. From the showing in Fig. 2 it will be noted, as indicated by arrows, that the hot gases of combustion pass downwardly in the cylinder l3 and-laterally in the .base and upwardly through the tubes 2! to a chamber 23 and thence outwardly through an outlet pipe 24.

The shell shown in Fig. 4 is mounted on a base- 25 which encloses a refractory lining 26 and it'will be noted from Fig. 2 that this lining has a conical central portion 21 which deflects the combustion gases laterally. through the space 28 and thence upwardly into the tubes 2|.

In order to provide domestic hot water without the requirement for a separate hot-water heating unit, a hot water jacket 30 surrounds the casing l0 and the heat communicated to the casing ID by the hotwater in the chamber 32 which surrounds the cylinder 13 effectively and quickly heats the water in the hotwater jacket 30, thus providing a. supply of hot water for domestic use, such as kitchen, laundry and bathrooms, at all times.

The casing II) has a conduit 35 at the bottom thereof for returning the hot water to the chamber 32 fromthe heating systemand to the upper end and the water heated by the boiler is conducted to the heatin system from the chamber 32 through a flow pipe 36.

A drain pipe 3'! is also connected to the casing I 0 for draining the water from the boiler. A pipe 38 is connected to the jacket 30 at the bottom thereof for the cold water inlet and the hot water is withdrawn therefrom at the top of the jacket through a pipe 39. A drain pipe 40 is also con: nected to the bottom of the jacket for draining out the water therefrom.

Various other conduits or pipes of the usual character are, connected to the boiler, such as a conduit 4| for the pressure gauge and conduit 42 for the aquastat, both of these pipesextend ing through the wall of the casing Ill. v

The casing I8 is surrounded by insulating material '45 which also surrounds the water jacket It!) and is enclosed within a sheet metal shell 46 which forms the outer covering of the heater.

' On the upper end of the shell or heater unit there. is mounted a cap or cover 41 which is also lined with insulating material.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the heater illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive operates in substantially the following man ner. The gases of combustion from the oil burner 20 are directed downwardly through the pipe l6 into thecombustion chamber formed within the cylinder I3 and at the bottom of the cylinder these gases are directed laterally and upwardly through the tubes 2| to the chamber 23 above the top head H and thence outwardly through the outlet pipe 24 to the chimney. In this manner the maximum use is made of the potential heat in the fuel since this heat efiectively heats the water in the chamber 32 by contact with the wall of the cylinder [3 on its downward path of movement and. through contact with the walls; of the tubes 2| in its upward path. Furthermore, the water heated in this manner efiectively heats the water enclosed in the water jacket 30, thus furnishing hot water for domestic uses. Moreover, the pipe [6 which extends upwardly through the top head I. I. and through the chamber 23, acts to support and strengthen the top head and the firing chamber above the top head. Furthermore, attention is directed to the fact that the water jacket 3!] and the water therein are heated by the hot water in the boiler or in the space 32 disposed inside the water jacket and no flame comes in contact with the heating surface which heats the hot water in the jacket and for this reason there is no stratification or accumulation of lime or other minerals on the heating surface of the water jacket;

The shell. surrounding the refractory material 26 is so' constructed as to provide'for the removal and replacement of the refractory lining 26 without dismantling the boiler shell mounted on the base. The boiler shell shown in Fig. 3' is sup ported on blocks and thebase is then removed and the lining can be withdrawn and cleaned or replaced.

Although a preferred embodiment of the inventiorr has beenparticularly shown and described it will be understood that the invention is capable ofmodifi'cation and that changes in theconstruction and in the arrangement of the various cooperating parts may be made without departing from the spirit. or scope of the invention, as expressed in; the following claims;

What I. claim is:

1. Av heater comprising a vertical cylindrical casing as an outer shell, a combustion chamber within and spaced from said outer shell and delimited by an inner cylindrical shell shorter than the outer shell and having a closed, apertured top and anopen bottom, a top head for said outer shell having a central opening and a plurality of tube-receiving openings therein and a bottom head for said outer shell having a central opening therein approximately equal to the diameter of said inner, cylindrical shell and in which the bottom. of the inner, cylindrical shell is received and secured, a. conduit extending downwardly through the central opening of the top head and conn'ected into the closed, apertured top of the inner shell for conducting hot gases from an associated burner downwardly through said combustion chamber, a plurality of tubes secured in the tubereceiving openings of said top head and terminating in said. bottom head and a refractory lined base. having its upper surface shaped to. fleet said. gases laterally from the open bottom of the inner shell and then upwardly into the lower ends of. said ubes.

7 2. A heater comprising a vertical cylindrical casing as an. outer shell, a combustion chamber within and spaced from said outer shell and delimited by an inner cylindrical shell shorter than the outer shell and having a closed, apertured top and an. open bottom, a top head for said outer shell having a central opening and a plurality of tube-receiving openings therein and a bottom head for said outer shell having a central opening therein approximately equal to the diameter of said inner, cylindrical shell and in which the bottom of the inner, cylindrical shell is received and secured, a conduit extending downwardly through the central opening of the top head and connected into the closed, apertured top of the inner shell for conductin hot. gases from an associated burner downwardly through said combustion chamber, a plurality of tubes secured in the tube-receiving openings of said top head and terminating in said bottom head and a base on which said heater is supported, said base having 1 a, refractory lining of concave form with a conical central portion for receiving hot gases from the; open bottom of: said inner shell and for defleeting them laterally and then upwardly into the lower ends of said tubes.

3. A heater comprising a vertical cylindrical casin as an outer shell, a combustion chamber within and spaced from said outer shell and delimited by aninner cylindrical shell shorter than the outer shell and having a closed, centrally apertured top and an open bottom, a top head for said outer shell having a central opening in alignment with the central aperture in the inner shell and a plurality-of circularly disposed,spaced tube-receiving openings therein and av bottom head for said outer shell having a. central opening therein approximately equal to the diameter of said inner, cylindrical shell and in which the bottom of the inner, cylindrical shell is received and secured, a conduit, extending downwardly through the central opening of the top head and having its lower end connected into the closed, apertured top of the inner shell for conducting hot gases from an associated burner downwardly through said combustion chamber, a plurality of tubes secured in the tube-receiving openings of said tophead and terminating in said bottom head and means beneath the bottom head against which the; downwardly conducted ases are adapted to. impinge and by which they are adapted to be deflected into the lower ends of said tubes.

4. A vertical fiu'e downdraft boiler comprising a vertical cylindrical casing constituting an outer shell, a combustion chamber within and spaced from said outer shell and delimited by an inner cylindrical shell shorter and narrower than the outer shell. and having a, closed, apertured top and an open, bottom, a top head for said outer shell having a central opening and a plurality of tube-receiving openings. therein and a bottom head for saidouter shell having a central opening therein approximately equal to the. diameter of said inner, cylindrical shell and in which the bottom of, the inner, cylindrical shell is received and secured, conduit extending downwardly through the central opening of the top head and connected into the. closed, apertured top of the inner shell, for mounting an, oil, burner at its top end and conducting the air blast and oil under pressure. from said burner downwardly through said combustion chamber, a plurality of vertical, openended tubes secured in the. tube-receiving openings of said top head and terminating in said bottom head and a base on which said boiler is supported, said base having a refractory lining of concave form with an upstanding conical central portion for receiving hot gases from the open bottom of said inner shell and for deflecting them laterally outwardly and then upwardly into the lower ends of said tubes and then upwardly through said tubes and into a chamber above said top head.

JESSE C. JOHNSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Jones June 11, 1912 Scott Mar. 8, 1927 Delling June 5, 1928 Taylor Nov. 5, 1929 Number Number Great Britain May 10, 19 34 

